28. Great Excess / Da Guo

Line 6: Crossing the water until it covers the head. Misfortune, yet no blame. (Context: This is the climax of excess. A person courageously attempts to cross a flood but is overwhelmed by the depth. While the outcome is tragic (misfortune), the person is free from blame because they acted out of a sense of duty or noble purpose, sacrificing themselves for what they believed was right.)

Line 5: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An old woman takes a young husband. No blame, no praise. (Context: Unlike the second line, flowers on a withered tree are a final, fleeting display of energy that does not lead to lasting fruit. While the situation is not 'wrong,' it is sterile and lacks the potential for true renewal. It represents a formal success that lacks substance.)

Line 4: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, there is humiliation. (Context: The structure is reinforced, and the danger of collapse is averted. This indicates success through proper support. However, the warning 'ulterior motives' suggests that if this strength is used for selfish gain rather than the common good, it will lead to regret.)

Line 3: The ridgepole sags. Misfortune. (Context: Here, the pressure becomes overwhelming because the individual attempts to carry the burden alone or through sheer force. Without support or flexibility, the structure collapses. It warns against stubbornness and overreaching when the situation is already precarious.)

Line 2: A withered poplar puts forth new shoots. An old man takes a young wife. Everything is favorable. (Context: This represents a surprising renewal of life in a stagnant situation. The union of the old and the young creates a fresh spark of energy, suggesting that unconventional alliances can lead to growth and success during times of excess.)

Line 1: Placing white rushes underneath. No blame. (Context: This line emphasizes extreme caution at the start of a risky venture. By laying down soft rushes before setting down a heavy object, one prevents damage. It suggests that meticulous preparation and humility are necessary when dealing with excessive weight or responsibility.)